What term describes the rules that define whether data can be viewed or edited?

The term that describes the rules defining whether data can be viewed or edited is "Access rules." These rules specify the conditions under which users can interact with data in the system, effective in setting boundaries that ensure data security and integrity.

Access rules are essential for managing user interaction with sensitive information, as they give administrators the ability to control which users or user groups can see or modify specific datasets. This mechanism is particularly important in environments where multiple users may have different roles requiring varying degrees of access to information. By defining such access levels, organizations can ensure that users only interact with the data necessary for their role, thereby minimizing the risk of unauthorized access or accidental data modification.

In contrast, other options like user permissions, data roles, and view settings might relate to data accessibility but do not encapsulate the comprehensive nature of access rules. User permissions refer specifically to individual rights assigned to users. Data roles categorize users based on their function in relation to data but do not delineate specific access rules. View settings typically deal with how data is visually represented rather than the rules governing access to that data.